渤海湾天津近岸海域水环境空间变异分析   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6       下载免费PDF全文

朱琳  聂红涛  陶建华 《海洋学报》2007,29(6):134-140

由于海岸带的地理条件和海洋动力特性的复杂性以及人类开发活动对海岸带的影响,近岸海域的生态环境系统在空间分布上有很大的变异性.基于现场实测资料,建立系统的空间变异分析模型,对海岸带生态环境空间变化规律进行分析,可以充分了解不同区域的污染特征和变化趋势.应用所构建的空间变异分析模型对渤海湾天津近岸海域的水环境特性进行分析,结合对应年份的入海流量及其变化,分析了天津渤海湾海岸带污染的主因子和区域水环境的分布特征,结果可以对海洋功能区的划分和水环境综合评价结果进行验证和补充.  相似文献   

The Structure of A Turbulent Jet in A Crossflow-Effect of Jet-Crossflow Velocity     

李行伟  匡翠萍  陈国谦 《中国海洋工程》2002,(1)

A comprehensive numerical study on the three-dimensional structure of a turbulent jet in crossflow is performed. The jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio (R) varies in the range of 2 - 16; both vertical jets and inclined jets without excess streamwise momentum are considered. The numerical results of the Standard two-equation k-ε model show that the turbulent structure can be broadly categorised according to the jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio. For strong to moderate jet discharges, i.e. R> 4, the jet is characterized by a longitudinal transition through a bent-over phase during which the jet becomes almost parallel with the main freestream, to a sectional vortex-pair flow with double concentration maxima; the computed flow details and scalar mixing characteristics can be described by self-similar relations beyond a dimensionless distance of around 20-60. The similarity coefficients are only weakly dependent on R. The cross-section scalar field is kidney-shaped and bifurcated, vvith distinct double concentr  相似文献   

Regression Formulations for the Stress at Hot Spot of Multiplanar Tubular DT Joints     

Chen Tieyun Zhang Huiyuan Professor  Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai Doctor of Engineering  Shenzhen Shipbuilding Trading Co. LTD. 《中国海洋工程》1993,(1)

- Stress concentration analysis of multiplanar tubular DT joints plays an important role in the fatigue design of offshore platforms. A semi-analytic method for stress analysis under the condition of any loads is briefly introduced in the paper. Nineteen multiplanar tubular DT joints with one of two braces of the same dimension subjected to axial loads and out- of- plane bending moments are computed for parametric stress analysis by using the present method. The influence of geometrical parameters on the stresses of multiplanar tubular DT joints is discussed and compared with corresponding uniplanar T joints. The regression formulae for the stress at hot spot of multiplanar DT joints are found by modification of SCF of corresponding uniplanar T joints. The parametric formulae for the maximum stress by superposition. Finally, the influences of stiffening effect and load-interaction effect on the maximum stress of DT joints are discussed.  相似文献   

Calculation of Environmental Capacity of Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Jiaozhou Bay     

李克强  王修林  邓宁宁  石晓勇  祝陈坚  韩秀荣  胡海燕 《海洋通报(英文版)》2004,6(1):53-59

The method has been established to calculate the environmental capacity (ECo),surplus environment capacity (SECo) of water with respect to marine petroleum hydrocarbons associated with oil (PHAOs) and the self-purification capacity (SPCo) of main self-purification process to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay, China, according to the dynamic model for distribution of marine PHAOs among multiphase environments. The variation of concentration of PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay is well simulated by the dynamic model. Based on the model.the ECo, SECo of water with respect to PHAOs in the Jiaozhou Bay were calculated during the last 10 years under the first-class and second-class quality standard requirement, according to SPCoof main self-purification process to PHAOs. The results show that about 200 tons of PHAOs could be discharged into the Jiaozhou Bay for maintaining the first class seawater quality standard, and about 600 tons of PHAOs for the second class seawater quality standard later.  相似文献   

长江和长江口高含量无机氮的主要控制因素   总被引：41，自引：6，他引：41  

沈志良  刘群  张淑美  苗辉  张平 《海洋与湖沼》2001,32(5):465-473

根据1998－1998年长江和长江口河水和雨水的现场调查、历史资料以及相关文献，定量分析长江流域无机氮的主要来源和输送调查。估算表明，降水无机氮、农业非点源氮（化肥和土壤流失的氮）和点源污水氮的输入分别占长江口无机氮输出通量的62．3％、18．5％和14．4％。氮的降水输入是长江口高含量无机氮的主要来源，进入长江的降水氮仅仅大约占长江流域全部降水氮的36．8％。降水米要受控于化肥气态损失、化石燃料及动植物过程中释放的物质等。实际上，化肥N的气态损失和农业非点源流失大约占长江流域年化肥N使用量的60％，这是控制长江口高含量无机氮的关键因素。  相似文献   

理县黄土地层与环境记录   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王书兵  蒋复初  田国强 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2006,26(3):115-119

理县黄土堆积厚度为7.30 m,可分为S0、S1古土壤层和L1黄土层。光释光结果显示,理县黄土沉积始于末次间冰期,约130 kaBP。磁化率、粒度、碳酸盐含量等经典气候替代指标分析表明,它们可以反映青藏高原东部气候环境变迁。环境记录显示,末次冰期间冰阶(即氧同位素3阶段)期间该区呈现出极端冷湿的气候环境。理县地区气候演化更接近于印度季风强度记录的变化,而与格陵兰冰心和深海氧同位素记录相似性稍差。  相似文献   

中国近海沿岸海温多时间尺度变率及影响其变化的天气气候因素   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

白彬人  宋家喜 《海洋预报》2005,22(4):78-88

本文通过对中国近海13个海洋站1959年～2003年逐日日平均海表温度及其相关数据的处理分析,结合中国近海多年逐日天气实况,研究了中国近海水温的短时（1d）、过程、旬、月、年际变率以及海温的长期趋势变化,并在此基础上详细讨论了影响中国近海各时间尺度水温变化的天气气候因素.  相似文献   

海洋环境数据业务化处理与应用原型系统     

李四海  张峰  刘振民 《海洋通报》2007,26(3):81-86

简单介绍了原型系统的概念,并重点介绍了在原型开发模式下,建立的海洋环境数据业务化处理原型系统的数据处理流程、总体结构和主要功能。  相似文献   

海洋环境荷载下输液立管的静、动力特性研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

郭海燕  王树青  刘德辅 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2001,31(4):605-611

考虑管内流动流体和管外海洋环境荷载共同作用 ,建立海洋立管侧向运动微分方程。用Hermite插值函数离散 ,在微机上编写海洋立管静、动力分析程序 ,通过计算分析研究管内流体对立管侧向变形和应力的作用 ;另外 ,探讨管内流体的流动速度和立管顶端的预张力对立管动力特性的影响。结果表明 ,立管变形和应力均随管内流体流动速度增加而增大 ,同时内流速度的增大会降低立管的固有频率 ,但适当增大立管顶端预张力会抵消内流流速增加引起的固有频率下降。  相似文献   

Video assessment of environmental impacts of salmon farms   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Crawford  C. M.; Mitchell  I. M.; Macleod  C. K. A. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2001,58(2):445-452

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